Posts Tagged 'reptiles'

On Nantucket

Going to Nantucket is like going two weeks back into the past. Spring comes a little later there, even in this year of early spring. Although just a touch more north of us here in NYC, the island is thirty miles off-shore and surrounded by an ocean holding onto its cold. The Japanese Flowering Cherries that were finished here about two weeks ago were in full bloom there. I never knew there to be so many of these trees on the island. Of course, when surrounded by such shameless show-offs, I retire to the simple beauty of the crab apples. A month and a half after my last visit to Squam Swamp, the oaks were still unbloomed:although the understory was popping. Starflower (Trientalis borealis).Give me a shout-out if you know what these are. UPDATE: Julia in comments tells me these are Quaker Ladies, a white variation of the Bluet (Houstonia caerulea), which tends to be blue off-island.A fern unfolds. While most if not all of ferns have this fiddlehead-shaped emergence, most are not edible “fiddleheads.”Being so thoroughly damp, and having relatively clean air (and lots of it! the island is wind-swept, and if you’ve ever had your bare legs sand-blasted on a windy beach…) the island is full of lichen (at least 89 species according to this report), on wooden fences, relatively new roofs (?), and, of course trees.

A dead bumblebee allows closer examination. The order Hymenoptera are named for their “membrane winged” bodies. Also, they have four wings, (flies, Diptera, have two) usually very hard to see even if the insect is still. But here you can see the smaller underwing half exposed and just trace its outline through the larger upperwing. Another dead example:

I looked out the window and noticed a male Northern Cardinal quite close by to the house on a low bush. That seemed a little odd so near the house. I glanced down and saw what the bird may have been worrying about:A Garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis). This one looked big. My brother told me he had seen a snake in the yard earlier, and two days later I hear one, possibly the same, slither into the brush. Check out Sarah Oktay’s article about the first ever hibernaculum of Garter and Milk snakes found on the island this spring. The author, one of the lucky snake-finders, is the managing director of the UMass Nantucket Field Station, and has written extensively about many other aspects of the island’s natural history.

Staten Island’s Frog

We interrupt this blog to remind you that while I sometimes range far and wide (Iceland, New Mexico, Nantucket, etc.) my heart remains right here in the great outdoors of the urban conglomeration that is New York City.

Photo by Brian Curry for The New York Times

Nature, as I like to say almost daily, is all around us, even in the city. Case in point: the New York Times today reports that a new species of Leopard frog has been discovered. Here, in New York City, specifically on Staten Island. The Northern and Southern Leopard frogs somewhat overlap in the region, but this is an entirely different genetic beast, as yet unnamed (not that it doesn’t know its name, thank you very much). It’s obviously been here all along, of course, but like the purloined letter, even what is right in front of our faces often remains unseen.

Frog habitat, like that of all amphibians, is very much freshwater dependent. Staten Island’s course of development, a cancerous post-WWII growth, has blighted much of the landscape on that island, but the borough still has a strong component of undeveloped (undrained, unfilled, etc., how I’d like to say unpolluted!) land locked up in parks and the Greenbelt. This Leopard frog is another reason to remain aware of the threats these spaces, and their myriad species, of which there are many we don’t know anything about, always face.

Iguana Iguana

The western edge of Klein Bay is rocky, but I scrambled about three-quarters of the way along its edge the first morning of our trip. I wanted to see the sun come up over Dittlif Point peninsula (unseen to the left in the above image). I found a nice flat rock to stand on – it was too wet from the night’s surf to sit on -and while waiting heard a noise behind me.

St. John, like Virgin Gorda, is hopping with lizards, anoles, and geckos, most of them just a few inches long. And I do mean hopping: they will often jump to get ahead of you. This one, for instance, was barely 1.5 inches long.

But this morning’s noise-maker was a three-foot long iguana.It was obviously waiting for the sun, too, on an outcropping a couple of yards above me.

I don’t think Virgin Gorda, which is smaller, has a drier and more cactus-dominated habitat, has any of these long-tailed reptiles, so this was my first opportunity to see one. So we spent some time waiting for the sun to crest the land, iguana and I. But just as the sun was cresting, it was suddenly obscured in clouds. I scrambled back in time to take shelter under a maho tree before it started to pour. Luckily, these tropical downpours are brief this time of year. I then found this on the way to our villa:I think it’s a piece of shed iguana skin. It looks like it came from the chin, where those large eye-like spots are. It seemed a red-letter day, and was eager to tell my crew about my finds, all before they even awoke.It turned out, however, that this was just the beginning of the iguana watching. We had them as neighbors, just a few feet way. Seven was the high count one day. They loved to hang out atop the trees and bushes and palms right next to the house. I saw one crossing the road slowly, dinosaur-ishly; another time I saw one scramble up a tree rather quickly, monkey-ishly. They were by the side of the roads, in trees, all over, even downtown in Cruz Bay.Unlike a lot of things on the island, iguanas are native to the region. The very name seems be a Spanish version of the Taino name. Though plenty fierce-looking, they are herbivores. Their common name is Green Iguana, Iguana iguana, and are most immediately differentiated from the endangered Lesser Antillean iguana by the bold stripes on their tails.

Tentative IDs

Wildness forensics continues: we found this skull in a kettle pond on the top of Highland Park. I think it’s raccoon: note those molars and check out this PDF to see what you think. On Cypress Ave, we found another mammal, this time definitely a raccoon, that was road kill.

In nearby Machpelah Cemetery, where we paid a visit to the great Harry Houdini (he didn’t answer our knock, however), we found:Lesser celandine, Ranunculus ficaria, or pilewort (yeah, good for piles according to folk medicine). (Noticed that this is all over Prospect Park, too.)A violet, Viola spp. Perhaps a dog violet?A close up showing the flower’s lure to pollinators. Step into my parlor, my pretties. Remind me to take some photos of the leaves too, since that can help with identification.

Un-pictured, because they were too fast for me: Italian wall lizards! We saw three, and were willing to take bets there were lots more. I’ve been looking forward to running into them. While there are no native lizards in New York, this species is found in the city because they’ve spread out from an introduction on Long Island in the late 1960s. I’ve heard they are all over the Rock Garden at NYBG, and a while back I saw a picture of a Manhattan kestrel bringing one home to provision its young. Personally, however, I’d never seen one in the scales before. A quiet cemetery with lots of stone surfaces, and plenty of hidey-holes from falling-to-pieces masonry, not to mention the nice warm sun, seems to present the perfect habitat. But watch out for those falcons! Earlier, we’d seen either a merlin or kestrel flying parallel to the moraine with something long and skinny dangling from its claws….

Along with the woodchuck in Green-Wood, this is turning out to be a spring of lovely discoveries in cemeteries.

Painted Turtle

The seasons turn. The years go ’round. Last March, I photographed a painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden’s Japanese Pond. It was surrounded by numerous eastern red-eared sliders. This past Saturday, I found the same — or, hopefully, another? — painted turtle in the same area of the Pond (where the rocks are). To recap: most of NYC’s freshwater turtles are red-eared sliders. This species, native to the southeastern U.S., has been moved north by the irresponsible pet trade and idiot “owners.” Painted turtles — not to say this one wasn’t introduced to the Pond as well — are a species native to the northeast. One of the basking types of turtles — which means we’re more likely to run into them — painted turtles can live for upwards of five decades. Although you can see the red stripes on the margins of this carapace, the real “paint” is on the plastron.

Virgin Gorda Reptiles

Virgin Gorda’s dry landscape was full of lizards, which was reason for rejoicing. (I haven’t seen so many since I lived north of Naples, Italy, in the early 1970s. I’ve yet to spot one of NYC’s somewhat famous Italian wall lizards, known to live in the Bronx and to be kestrel food.) Most were 3-5 inches long. The small ones jumped like frogs, using their powerful hind legs to shoot themselves several times their body length. The next one was just over an inch, but its tail seems to met some misfortune — perhaps a boy:
A couple of them were just under a foot long:These Spanish bayonets always had some sunning on their leaves: Or tucked away between the leaves: The trail up Virgin Gorda peak was also quite lizardly. There were snakes there as well, most just a slither along the side, hardly visible, but this one lay across the trail as if to block our way:It skedaddled soon enough, though. The blue in the eye is from my camera’s flash.

Snake!

“There are m$%#er-f@!*ing snakes on this outwash plain?” Why, yes, there are. Contrary to urban myth, St. Patrick did not chase them all from the city back in the day.

I found this one at Fort Tilden a couple of mosquito-ridden summers ago. Jamaica Bay and Staten Island have been other places I’ve seen snakes within the city. (Update: My friend Lisa, whose animal prints make astonishing gifts, reports that the NY Botanical Garden is quite the snake country, too.)

It’s a garter snake, the most common species of snake in the country. Thamnophis sirtalis has numerous subspecies, including common and eastern, and they all seem to be highly variable in coloring and habitat. Some good basic data about them is found here. They can live up to ten years.

This time of year, snakes are in hibernation, tucked away for the winter, often amid their cohorts, coiled in anticipation of longer days and a warmer sun.

The Hofstra guide to reptiles and amphibians of L.I., S.I., and Manhattan is a handy place to read up on our regional snakes.

Shed

Snake skin.

For the first day of autumn.

Time for our new coats.

Frogs

Some frogs from a recent trip to the Massachusetts/New Hampshire border: In a swimming pool. The clarity of the water allowed us to watch this green frog swim: it’s all in the meaty back legs, the forelimbs streamlined against the body.
Two more green frogs in a small man-made pond. Up to five frogs have been spotted in this tiny rectangle of water.
Here’s one of them up close and personal.

Field Notes: Snapping Turtle

I was looking at the new lily pads in the Lullwater in Prospect Park when:
Ol’ Snap appeared. Not the kind of turtle to run when you approach.
Chelydra serpentina has a fearsome reputation, but that’s probably just bad PR. (Duckling-centric PR, since they are in legend supposed to decimate baby ducks.) Still, you don’t want to get bit by the thick-necked beast.
This one was about 16″ long from snout to tail tip. And note that long tail, with small spikes looking rather dinosaur-ish: none of our other turtles has such a prominent tail. Also, the toothy projections on the rear edge of the carapace (top shell) are distinctive. (The Canada goose wasn’t intimidated by me or the snapper.)
This carapace is beautiful. Another anatomical fact about snappers is that they have very small plastrons (underside shell). These turtles do not bask, so it was nice to catch this one emerging from the murk below.


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